Baktun 12 refers to an era of time whose beginning is at 1618 CE and end at 2012 CE. It is the final Baktun of the current calendar cycle of the Mayan Long Count system.
Baktun 12 introduced major scientific discoveries, a global industrial and technological revolution, and of course, massive changes in the consciousness of an average human being. Totally new forms of mental imperialism started to replace the authoritarian forms typical for the previous baktuns.
Major events of the final Baktun of the previous cycle (3511 BCE to 3112 BCE) include the dry-up of Sahara desert and the discovery of writing in Sumer and Egypt.